India Gets Own GPS - IRNSS

The IRNSS 1-G satellite, launched on Thursday, is the seventh member of the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), completing a constellation of satellites in geosynchronous and geostationary orbits that will give Indian civilian and military users, and their partners, access to a dedicated satellite navigation system that will not be dependent on foreign governments or suppliers.

Total cost of the IRNSS mission: 1,420 crore.

Schedule of Launches, 2013-16

Mission Basics

The Satellite

IRNSS-1G, seventh of the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS). Like its six predecessors, had a lift-off mass of 1,425 kg. All 7 satellites are configured identically.

The Vehicle

Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, in its 35th (and 34th consecutively successful) flight. All IRNSS launches used the most powerful ‘XL’ version of PSLV, equipped with 6 strap-ons, each with 12 tons of propellant.

The Orbits

3 of the 7 satellites will be located in suitable orbital slots in geostationary orbit; remaining four will be in geosynchronous orbits with the required inclination and equatorial crossings in two different planes. IRNSS-1G was placed in a Sub-Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (Sub-GTO) about 20 minutes after lift-off.

The Service

IRNSS will provide Standard Positioning Service (SPS) to all users, and an encrypted Restricted Service (RS) to authorized users. IRNSS will provide a position accuracy better than 20 meters in the primary service area.

The Applications

Terrestrial, aerial and marine navigation; disaster management; vehicle tracking and fleet management; integration with mobile phones; precise timing; mapping and geodetic data capture; terrestrial navigation aid for hikers and travelers; visual and voice navigation for drivers.

The Service Areas

* The regional navigation satellite system will provide accurate position information service to users in India and the region, extending up to 1,500 km from its boundary, which is its Primary Service Area. Beyond that will lie an Extended Service Area, that will extend up to the edges of the area enclosed by the rectangle imagined by latitudes 30 degrees South and 50 degrees North, and longitudes 30 degrees East and 130 degrees East.

Source: ISRO, Yahoo

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Tap Sends Water Alert SMS to Women

According to a Microsoft project, taps can be fitted with sensors that send SMS alerts to women

In times of severe water crisis, here is a simple idea aided by technology that can make life of rural women easier.

Developed by a team of four employees from Microsoft India, the project called ‘Water Alert for Women in India’ was the winner of a recently-held contest ‘Code 4 Her’.

The model involves fitting public water taps with sensors so that whenever there is water availability, SMS alerts are sent to women of the area.

Also Read: RBI Governor Keen on Mobile Banking

Yet to be implemented, it took more than a month to develop a prototype of the model. Each set-up would cost close to Rs. 1,500. The developers have used Azure server so as to send bulk SMSs to the recipients.

Project displayed at ‘Confluence’

The project was displayed at ‘Confluence’, a signature conference of the Microsoft on diversity and inclusion, which was held on Friday.

The day-long event was attended by about 500 employees from across the country. With six break-out sessions and a host of speakers from various fields such as actress Shabana Azmi and cricketer Anjum Chopra, the event focused on addressing gender, generational and abilities challenges.

If a workshop titled ‘Antarakshu’ gave an insight into the world of the visually-impaired, then ‘Yuva Katha’ was about understanding the attitude and expectations of the younger generation.

“The event is about bringing ideas together. Technology is a great enabler and the organization recognizes the importance of working with differently abled or newer generation. Since the early years, the event was also about creating awareness about gender equality. We recognize the biases and want to do something about it,” said Chitra Sood, Director, Business Management, Microsoft India R&D Pvt. Ltd.

She said that programs like ‘reverse mentoring’ was about senior employees learning from younger ones and ‘I am U’ campaign centered on gender sensitivity.

Speaking on the theme and sharing her experiences, actress Shabana Azmi said, “Till the age of 9, I lived in a commune, which was actually a large flat in which 8 families were living. They all had a room which was just 225 sq.ft, and a strip of a balcony which my mother had converted into a kitchen. And there was 1 toilet for 8 families. So I think inclusion and diversity I absorbed through a process of osmosis. For me, it was something I took as a given. If I were to paint a picture of an ideal world, it would for me mean equal opportunity to all, rich or poor, belonging to any nation, gender or caste.”

Source: The Hindu

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RBI Governor Raghuram Rajan keen on Mobile Banking

Here's a little briefing on how payments have been made till date & how RBI Governor Raghuram Rajan intends on altering stuff

Yesterday’s payments:

Vendor has your debit/credit card

Type in details of your credit card number, date of expiry, CVV etc

Go to your bank app, fill in IFSC code and bank account of vendor

Today’s payments:

Get a UPI address like aadishesh@sbi from your bank. Link it to your bank account

Type ‘Pay aadishesh@sbi Rs 70’ from bank app. Payment made in one click

Send a payment request to a particular UPI. If that person clicks ‘Yes’, payment gets credited to your UPI which is linked to your bank account

Also Read: Li-Fi - An Internet Service 100 Times Faster Than WiFi

How United Payment Interface is unique

1. Single-click, two-factor authentication
2. Vendor does not have your credit/debit card or bank account details
3. Just has your UPI name
4. No need to create beneficiaries in bank accounts to make payments
5. Only used for bank-to-bank payments
6. Can't be used for wallets right now
7. Unlike wallets which are also easy to use, UPI operates across all banks, vendors and individuals
8. Receivers can initiate a transaction

Interoperable from the beginning, this is unlike many payments systems across the world: which often are owned by one entity. This can be used by any entity and that would be very important.

Source: Yahoo

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5 Incredible Uses of Lemon

Got half a lemon in your fridge? Don’t let it go to waste

Lemons are great. Good in drinks, good on fish, good squeezed out and added to several teaspoons of sugar before being drizzled over a sponge cake (anyone else salivating now?).

The trouble is that you don’t need much lemon to add flavor and so most of us at some point have ended up with half a lemon going slowly wrinkly until we chuck it out. You might think the answer is to drink more gin and tonic, although you’d be wrong (you really want lime with a g&t).

In fact, there are so many brilliant ways to use that leftover lemon up that we seriously struggled to narrow it down to five…

1. A Lemon A Day Keeps The Ants Away

Come summer, ants start their desperate attempts to invade our homes to scavenge any crumbs or other leftovers. There are few things more unpleasant than waking up after a party to find legions of ants carrying off your crumbs like they are actually extras in a cartoon picnic.

At this point you could put down ant powder and other chemicals, but that can be a bit of a worry if you have pets or children running around. The good news is that ants seem to really hate lemon juice and it also disrupts their scent trails so you don’t get fresh ants following their brothers to your sugar bowl.

Simply rub the fruit around the door frame or wherever they are getting in and squeeze the juice into any obvious cracks or holes. They’ll stay away and you won’t have a house full of powdery poison, so it’s win-win. Unless you’re an ant.

2. Scrub Your Work Surfaces Into Lemony Freshness

Kitchen chopping boards see too much of every flavor in the house, from onions and garlic being chopped to meat and fish being prepared. It’s a good idea to clean them properly with washing liquid of course; you don’t want to risk lingering bacteria when you next use it.

But scrubbing down a chopping board with a leftover half a lemon can freshen the whole thing and cancel out any remaining onionyness (just pretend it’s a word) or other pungent smells. It can also help reduce stains.

Not only that, the lemon scent won’t affect the food you next prepare on the board, unlike a lingering fish odour!

Some people use lemons to clean their bathrooms too, although that requires a fair amount of elbow grease to work effectively.

3. Whiten Your Fingernails

There are hundreds if not thousands of tips for using lemons as a beauty treatment but some of them can be quite harsh because the fruit is acidic. However, lemons can be used to whiten your fingernails with no long-term damage because the nail is tough and grows fast anyway.

Simply mix around 60ml of lemon juice with 250ml of warm water, adding a small squirt of liquid soap, and soak your nails for five minutes. When you’re done, wash them clean and moisturize your hands with a nail-strengthening cream and you’ll find the lemon juice has dissolved the stain particles on your fingernails, which the soapy water has then washed away.

Some people swear by simply sticking their fingers into the leftover lemon and leaving it for a few minutes before rinsing.

4. Freshen The House

Slice your leftover lemon up and throw it into a pan of boiling water. The smell of lemon will freshen up your kitchen and house without using any artificial candles or scents.

You can also use it to tackle any areas that get particularly smelly like the bin; simply scoop out the fleshy bit of the lemon and add salt to the remaining rind. It’s not beautiful but you can conceal it in a smell-prone area of the house and it will cancel out bad odours.

One thing to be aware of though: it’s not a good idea to use it in a cat’s litter tray. Cats don’t usually like citrus and the last thing you want it to put your moggy off doing it in the tray!

Also Read: How Famous Tech Companies Got Their Names

5. Banish Greasy Hair

Probably every teenage girl has soaked her hair in lemon juice and sat in the sun waiting for it to bleach, but we can’t say it’s particularly good for the hair or satisfactory as a bleaching agent. However, you can use lemon juice as part of your haircare regime as a way of beating a tendency to greasiness and stripping off the products that leave hair dull and limp.

It is acidic so it’s not something to use too often, but for limp, oily hair lemon juice can boost shine and reduce greasiness. It also leaves hair smelling great without the use of artificial products. The acidic nature of the juice removes build-up from haircare products and strips off the grease, while also tackling any lime-scale in your water so your hair left looking and feeling silky.

Those with greasy hair can mix lemon juice with warm water and soak it for a few minutes before rinsing. Don’t do it too often as the acidity could be very drying.

If you have dry hair but want to try this then mix the lemon juice with a tablespoon or two of olive oil, which you can leave on for longer before rinsing thoroughly.

One Last Option…

Finally, one other thing you can do with lemon is freeze it. If you cut it into drink-ready portions and store them in your freezer then when the sun finally comes, which it has to eventually, you’ll have fresh lemon ice-cubes to drop in your drinks. So whatever you do don’t waste that citrus, there’s always a way to use it up or save it for a drink…

What do you do with your leftover lemons? Share your thoughts on our Facebook Page!

Source: Yahoo

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How Famous Tech Companies Got Their Names

Ever wondered how big tech companies like Sony got their names? While some are named after the goods they sell, and others are the results of long-forgotten company mergers, some of the world’s biggest tech brand names are just completely made up. Whatever their history, most company monikers have an interesting story behind them.

So this is how some of the biggest tech brands in the world got their names…

Apple
Starting out as Apple computers, the Cupertino tech giant wasn’t always quite as successful. Founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne in 1976 to develop home computers; Apple only started making smartphones and tablets much later on. But how did it get it’s name?

The story goes that Jobs really liked apples and had just come back from an apple farm when he suggested the name. What’s more, he liked Apple because it put them ahead of Job’s former employer Atari in the phonebook.

In 2007, ‘Computers’ was dropped from the name and Apple went on to become one of the biggest companies on the planet.


Samsung
In Korean, Samsung means ‘tristar’ or ‘three stars’, and was chosen to reflect the characteristics of stars in the night sky, being ‘big, numerous and powerful’.

Up until 1993, Samsung’s logo featured three stars, which it has since been ditched for the current blue and white badge.


LG
Samsung’s main rival, Korean brand LG didn’t always have such a short and snappy name. Electronics company Goldstar merged with Lak-Hui (pronounced ‘Lucky’) in 1995 to produce new brand Lucky Goldstar, which was eventually shortened to LG.

In recent years the company said that the abbreviation referred to its ‘Life’s Good’ marketing slogan but now says that LG simply stands for LG.


Spotify
While many company names are the result of extensive branding studies or historical mergers, some are just a complete fluke. Swedish music streaming brand Spotify supposedly got its name when founders Daniel Ek and Martin Lorentzon were brainstorming and one suggestion was misheard as ‘Spotify’.

After the founders investigated the made-up word and found that it was unique, the name stuck. Once the brand became more popular, the founders came up with a neater story that says that the word comes from ‘spot’ and ‘identify’.


Facebook
The famous social network founded by Mark Zuckerberg and his Harvard buddies in 1994 didn’t start out as Facebook. Its predecessor, built in 2003, was called Facemash and was designed as a ‘hot or not’ game in which students ranked the looks of their peers.

Its replacement was originally known as thefacebook.com and was limited to universities, eventually spreading to the UK. In 2005, the company finally dropped ‘the’ to become Facebook and opened up the site to the public.


Sony
Previously known as Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo K.K (Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation), or Totsuko, Sony was renamed partly after the word ‘sonus’, latin for sound. It was also influenced by the slang term ‘sonny boy’, influenced by America and used in Japan to refer to smart young men in the 1950s.

The first Sony-branded product - a transistor radio - appeared in 1955, but the company didn’t change its name to Sony until 1958.


Twitter
The famous social network, which just turned 10, was originally known as twttr, inspired by Flickr. During a brain-storming session, the founders initially came up with the name Twitch and finally landed on Twitter because they thought that the dictionary definition - ‘short burst of inconsequential information’  - was rather fitting.

Wisely, they put the vowels back into the word before officially launching as Twitter.

Apparently ‘FriendStalker’ was also suggested, and thankfully rejected, as a name.


Google
Starting out as an internet search engine, Google famously takes its name from a misspelling of the word ‘googol’. This is the mathematical term for a 1 followed by a hundred zeros and was chosen by founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page to convey the massive amount of information that they intended to provide access to.

The search engine that Google became was originally named ‘Backrub’. The founders very wisely changed it before registering a domain name.


Microsoft
Established by Bill Gates and Paul Allen in 1975, the Microsoft brand name was created as portmanteau of ‘microprocessor’ and ‘software’ and was originally hyphenated as Micro-Soft.


Yahoo
Famously founded in 1994 as Jerry and David’s Guide to the World Wide Web, Yahoo was renamed in 1995.

Ignoring the normal definition or yahoo as ‘ a rude, noisy or violent person’ founders Jerry Yang and David Filo formed the company name as an acronym, standing for Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle.

Source: Yahoo

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12 Common Mistakes to Avoid in Job Interview

Every organization uses this age-old method in the selection process. Apart from your answers, an interviewer may judge you on various parameters, like your body language, dress sense, confidence level, and so on.

It is essential to understand how and what to answer during an interview. Here is what you should avoid during a job interview:

1. Do not be overconfident: There is a fine line between confidence and overconfidence. Boasting too much and aggressive tones are a strict no-no at an interview.

2. Refrain from joking: Be articulate about what to say and know when to say it. Light humor certainly lightens the environment and projects you as a happy-go-lucky person. But one too many jokes can reduce your chances of getting the job, unless you are being interviewed for a comedian’s role.

3. Do not criticize past employers: Even if your experience with the previous organization is the reason for quitting the job, do not say anything negative about it. You may come across as a complainer and as imprudent. This will not get you the job.

4. ‘I hate my job’: You just reduced your chances of being hired. All right, you do not like anything about your job. But wasn’t that your decision? Cribbing is extremely unprofessional.

5. Avoid saying just ‘yes’ and ‘no’: Remember not to answer every question in monosyllables. Give some explanation to elaborate your answer or opinion.

6. Do not lie: Big or small, a lie is a lie. Whatever the circumstances, avoid giving false statements and answers. The interviewer is more experienced than you are and can easily tell when you are lying.

Also Read: Bizzare Interview Questions - Be Aware!

7. Avoid discussing salary: Unless you are asked about it, do not bring up the topic of remuneration. The motive of this round of interview is to judge whether you are suitable for the post. The discussion of compensation is taken up once you clear this level.

8. Do not appear needy: Even if you need the job, do not make your desperation apparent during the interview.

9. Avoid using conflicting words: Words like ‘stepping stone’, ‘non-team-player’, and so on are unsuitable for the occasion and should not be used.

10. Avoid using slang language: Strictly control what you say during an interview. Choose your words wisely, dress appropriately, and show your passion to get the job. The last thing you want is to be blacklisted by the company and barred from applying for future job opportunities.

11. Do not go over-prepared: This is not a contradictory statement. Writing answers to common questions and memorizing them by heart is a common practice. Such answers lack the conversational tone and you could be perceived as a parrot.

12. Keep personal issues at bay: Sure, you are going through some tough times at home. But an interview room is not the place to discuss your family problems.

Courtesy: Yahoo

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Li-Fi, An Internet Service 100 Times Faster Than WiFi

Wireless Fidelity or WiFi, as we know it, has changed the way Internet is accessed all over the world. The high-speed connectivity has allowed people from around the world communicate via Internet.

Now, what if we told you that a group of scientists in Estonia has developed a technology that is 100 times faster than WiFi? Seems unbelievable, right? Not at all. A company named Velmenni, based in Tallin, Estonia, has a new internet providing service termed as Li-Fi or Light Fidelity.

Light Fidelity uses Light Emitting Diodes (LED) to transfer signals from the router to the end user device at a speed of 1 gbps (Giga bytes per second).

Here are seven points about Li-Fi you must know:

1. The Li-Fi technology provides 100 times faster Internet than WiFi. It allows speed up to 224 gbps.

2. It requires an LED light source, an internet connection and a photo detector to spread the signals.

3. The Estonian company, Velmenni used this technology to merge the smart lighting system and Internet connectivity to increase its revenue and save energy.

4. Li-Fi uses the same technology as used in standard television or air-conditioner remote control.

5. The infrared beams of a remote control encode signals in light pulses and can transmit around 1,000 bits per second. On the other hand, an LED bulb can transmit signals at a speed of 1,000,000,000 bits per second.

5. The term Li-Fi was first used by Edinburgh University professor, Harald Haas, who demonstrated the system at the Technology, Entertainment and Design (Ted) conference in the year 2011.

6. The Li-Fi does not interfere with other radio signals such as broadband and WiFi. Hence, it can be used on aeroplanes as well. So, no more flight mode!

7. The downside of Li-Fi is that it cannot be used outside the house in daylight, as the sunlight would interfere with the LED signals. Besides, it cannot penetrate through walls like WiFi does, hence, the user needs to be in close proximity of the LED source to get uninterrupted signal.

Source: India Today

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